Les implants dentaires sont devenus une modalité de traitement fiable et prévisible pour remplacer les dents manquantes et conserver les prothèses dentaires chez les patients édentés. Ils peuvent restaurer la santé bucco-dentaire, la forme, la fonction, la mastication, l’articulation et l’esthétique du système stomatognathique avec des taux de réussite pluriannuels de plus de 90% pour les implants chez les patients entièrement édentés [1,2] ou partiellement édentés [3-6 ]. Des variations de résultat ont été mesurées en fonction de la technique chirurgicale, du protocole de chargement, de la localisation de l’implant et de la qualité de l’os; par exemple, des taux de réussite plus faibles ont été rapportés pour des implants maxillaires par rapport à des implants mandibulaires [7,8]
Au cours des dernières décennies, la recherche sur les implants dentaires a conduit à une large modification des protocoles chirurgicaux et prothétiques.
Pour la surface, il existe un consensus clair concernant la supériorité des surfaces rugueuses / microtexturées
la surface de l’implant comprend la conception du filetage, sa longueur et son diamètre. La conception de l’implant doit intégrer des caractéristiques qui transforment au mieux les forces de traction et de cisaillement pendant la mastication et minimisent les composants de force indésirables.
La stabilité de la connexion implant / pilier est également essentielle pour l’esthétisme et la stabilité à long terme du tissu osseux péri-implantaire. Un espace ou un micro-espace entre l’implant et le pilier est inévitable avec une conception en deux parties; cependant, les micro-espaces peuvent etre encore réduits avec des implants à connexion Morse et platform switching , utilisés pour transférer le micro-espace face à l’axe de l’implant et réduire les micro-mouvements. Cela peut réduire la propulsion du sulcus gingival et, par conséquent, la perte osseuse crestale, même avec des implants insérés sous la crête alvéolaire (sous-crestale).
Le but de la présente étude rétrospective était de décrire les résultats cliniques et radiologiques d’un nouveau système d’implant avec surface sablée mordancée, une connexion d’implant / pilier conique de type Morse. Les implants ont été posés dans des alvéoles d’extraction de dents maxillaires et mandibulaires et ont été suivis cliniquement et radiologiquement après un temps de chargement moyen de deux ans. Un accent particulier a été mis sur le maintien et la stabilité du niveau osseux péri-implantaire.
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